This principle is based on the law of conservation of momentum which states, the net force acting on a fluid mass is equal to the change in momentum of flow per unit time in that direction.

By Newton’s law of motion

F  = m a                  but a = dv / dt

= m dv / dt

F = d / dt (mv)           let m is constant

This is know as momentum equation

F dt = d (mv)

This is known as impulse-momentum principle.

It state that “The force ‘F’ acting on a fluid of mass ‘m’ in a short interval of time ‘dt’ is equal to the change in momentum d(mv) in the direction of force”.

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