Monosaccharides of biological Importance

Glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, xylulose, and ribose are monosaccharides of biological importance. Of these, glucose and fructose are most abundant in nature but others are usually found in combination with others sugars or biological compounds. Glucose and mannose are epimeric forms and differ from each other with respect to carbon atom 4. 

Some of these configuration are presented in Haworth and Fischer projections.

Naturally occurring pentoses are arabinose, ribose and xylose, and all of which are aldoses.

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