Merger means integration of two units to achieve certain common objectives. Merger may take place with a co-operative approach on the part of the combining companies. In such a case, there is a detailed agreement between the concerned business units. Thus, it may result in a negotiated acquisition of one unit by another with a hostile approach. A hostile merger, often called takeover, involves one company acquiring control over another that resist it. This is generally done by purchasing a sizable number of shares of the target company in the open market.

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